Leg length differences

A difference in leg length occurs in around 5-10% of children, although only a small proportion of them have major complaints. There are congenital growth disorders, but there are also acquired causes, such as fractures or inflammation, which can impair bone growth.

Symptoms of a leg length difference can include limping, pain in the hips or knees and an asymmetrical posture. Children with very large differences in leg length may develop a significant change in gait in the form of a limp.

The treatment of a leg length difference depends on the extent of the difference and the cause. If the difference is less than 1 cm, measures are rarely necessary. For differences between 1 and 2 cm, orthopaedic aids such as special insoles and shoes may be sufficient to restore the necessary balance and alleviate any discomfort. In the case of larger differences or accompanying deformities, splints (orthoses) may be necessary to compensate.

In more severe cases or in growing children whose leg length difference could increase further, surgical interventions may also be considered. An operation can, for example, temporarily or permanently inhibit the growth of the longer leg and thus lead to equalisation. There are also procedures to lengthen the thigh or lower leg. These differ in their implementation and aftercare depending on whether the legs are still growing or are already fully grown.

The treatment should therefore be individually adapted to the age of the child, the growth, the cause and therefore also the expected extent of the leg length difference at the end of growth.

Without treatment, a significant difference in leg length can lead to chronic pain, poor posture and joint wear and tear. However, early treatment can minimise or completely eliminate the effects of the difference. With the right therapy, children and adolescents can usually achieve a normal quality of life and movement without any problems. With timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the long-term outlook is good and most children do not develop permanent symptoms.